Dedicated on May 4, 1990, the May 4 Memorial invites visitors to "inquire, learn, and reflect" about the tragic events of May 4, 1970 when four students were killed and nine were wounded during an anti-war protest on the Kent State campus. Resting on a 2 ½-acre wooded site overlooking the Kent State commons, the memorial provides visitors a retreat for interpretation and reflection. Its environmental design by Chicago architect Bruno Ast was developed from a concept submitted to the university's national design competition in 1986. The number of entries made this the second largest design competition in American history. Constructed of carnelian granite, the memorial is graced by a planting of 58,175 daffodil bulbs, which symbolize the number of our country's losses in Vietnam.